GC: n
CT: Power transformers are used in transmission networks of higher voltages for step-up and step down applications (400 kV, 200 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33kV) and are generally rated above 200MVA.
Distribution transformers are used for lower voltage distribution networks as a means to end user connectivity. (11kV, 6.6 kV, 3.3 kV, 440V, 230V) and are generally rated less than 200 MVA..
S: http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/difference-between-power-transformer-and-distribution-transformer (last access: 27 December 2014)
N: 1. power (n): c.1300, “ability; ability to act or do; strength, vigor, might,” especially in battle; “efficacy; control, mastery, lordship, dominion; legal power or authority; authorization; military force, an army,” from Anglo-French pouair, Old French povoir, noun use of the infinitive, “to be able,” earlier podir (9c.), from Vulgar Latin potere, from Latin potis “powerful” (see potent).
transformer (n): c.1600, “one who or that which transforms,” agent noun from transform (v.). Meaning “device to reduce electrical currents” is from 1882.
2. The history of transformer commenced in the year 1880. In the year 1950, a 400KV electrical power transformer was introduced in a high voltage electrical power system. In the early 1970’s, a unit rating as large as 1100MVA was produced and 800KV and even higher KV class transformers were manufactured in the year 1980.
3. Generation of electrical power at a low voltage level is very cost effective. Hence electrical power is generated at a low voltage level. Theoretically, this low voltage level power can be transmitted to the receiving end. But if the voltage level of power is increased, the current of the power is reduced which causes reduction in ohmic or I2R losses in the system, reduction in the cross sectional area of the conductor i.e. reduction in capital cost of the system and it also improves the voltage regulation of the system. Because of these factors, low level power must be stepped up for efficient electrical power transmission. This is done by step-up transformers at the sending side of the power system network. As this high voltage power may not be distributed to the consumers directly, this must be stepped down to the desired level at the receiving end with the help of a step-down transformer. These are the uses of electrical power transformers in the electrical power system.
S: 1. OED – http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=power&searchmode=none; http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=transformer&searchmode=none (last access: 27 December 2014). 2 & 3. http://electrical4u.com/electrical-power-transformer-definition-and-types-of-transformer/ (last access: 27 December 2014).
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