GC: n CT: Cold shuts occur when two relatively cold streams of molten metal from different gates meet and do not fuse together properly during the casting process. This problem is visible to the naked eye – giving the appearance of a crack separating the two sections. Cold shuts can

GC: n CT: Historically, distributed generation meant combustion generators (e.g. diesel gensets). They were affordable, and in some cases reliable, but they were not clean. While many people will tolerate dirty generation thousands of miles away from them, they think twice when it is outside their bedroom window or office

GC: n CT: Gamma radiation is one of the three types of natural radioactivity. Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation, like X-rays. The other two types of natural radioactivity are alpha and beta radiation, which are in the form of particles. Gamma rays are the most energetic form of electromagnetic radiation,

GC: n CT: Gas Oil / Red Diesel is one of a family of heavy oils made from the fractional distillation of petroleum. For heating applications, it’s known as gas oil, for automotive and plant applications it is usually called diesel fuel. Diesel can be supplied either as “white” or

CG: n CT: Gasification is a thermal conversion process, where carbonaceous material is converted into gaseous products under the influence of temperature and gasifying medium. In general gasification is carried out in the temperature range of 600°C–1000°C. The commonly employed gasifying agents are steam, air, CO2, and H2. The product gas

GC: n CT: The waste is fed into the vertical-shaft furnace by an overhead crane, through a charging hopper. Extremely high-temperature combustion air, preheated in a superblast heater, is blown in at the base of the gasifier (shaft furnace), at a temperature of up to 2000 degrees F. S: TERMIUM

GC: n CT: Hydropower plants use modern turbine generators to produce electricity just as coal, oil, or nuclear power plants do. The difference is in the source item used to spin the turbine. A typical hydropower plant is a system that has three main parts: a reservoir where water can

GC: n CT: Gear motors are complete motive force systems consisting of an electric motor and a reduction gear train integrated into one easy-to-mount and -configure package. This greatly reduces the complexity and cost of designing and constructing power tools, machines and appliances calling for high torque at relatively low

GC: n CT: The best way to understand electricity is to start by giving it its proper name: electrical energy. If you want to run anything electrical, from a toaster or a toothbrush to an MP3 player or a television, you need to feed it a steady supply of electrical

GC: n CT: A genetic algorithm is a search heuristic that is inspired by Charles Darwin’s theory of natural evolution. This algorithm reflects the process of natural selection where the fittest individuals are selected for reproduction in order to produce offspring of the next generation. The process of natural selection

GC: n CT: Geotechnics can be described as the application of geological, geophysical and hydrological scientific principles for the solution of engineering problems on or within the ground. The field of geotechnical engineering encompasses a whole host of application types, including foundation design, earthworks (excavating and filling), ground improvement, slope

GC: n CT: Yet even as GHPs gain increasing recognition as an energy- and cost-saving heating and air conditioning alternative, highly variable state and local policies governing water wells is posing a significant barrier to their more widespread adoption. It’s a growing problem that is getting bigger. But in some

GC: n CT: With respect to dwellings, a renewable energy system means a system that, when installed in connection with a dwelling, transmits or uses solar energy, energy derived from the geothermal deposits, energy derived from biomass, or any other form of renewable energy that the Secretary of Energy specifies

GC: n CT: Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It’s clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth’s surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock

GC: n CT: Geothermal heating systems utilize the latent heat energy of the earth in order to conserve the energy used to cool and heat residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. With a constant temperature ranging from 50-60˚ F, the upper crust of the earth’s surface provides a perfect environment for

GC: n CT: The internal temperature of the earth increases with depth from the surface. Near the surface, the average geothermal gradient is about 25 degrees centigrade (77 degrees Fahrenheit) for every kilometer of depth. Some areas have much higher heat flows because of deep fault zones, rifting, magmatic intrusions,

GC: n CT: Geothermal power plants have much in common with traditional power-generating stations. They use many of the same components, including turbines, generators, transformers, and other standard power generating equipment. While there are three types of geothermal power plants, this animation shows a generic plant. S: OEERE – http://energy.gov/eere/geothermal/how-geothermal-power-plant-works-simple

GC: n CT: Geothermal energy can be recovered inexpensively and in an environmentally friendly way using geothermal probes or collectors. Heat is extracted from the ground via one or more closed pipe loops. The heat transfer medium is brine, a mix of water and antifreeze. Geothermal energy can be used

GC: n CT: The outflow of heat from the Earth’s interior, the terrestrial heat flow, and the temperature field at depth are determined by deep-seated tectonic processes. The knowledge of the regional heat flow patterns is thus very important in geophysics and provides a useful tool for studying crustal and

GC: n CT: A geyser is a vent in Earth’s surface that periodically ejects a column of hot water and steam. Even a small geyser is an amazing phenomenon; however some geysers have eruptions that blast thousands of gallons of boiling hot water up to a few hundred feet in

GC: n CT: More than 11 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy capacity have been installed in Japan over the past two years, when the country’s notable feed-in tariff incentive plan was launched, according to the country’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. To be exact, the number was 11,090 megawatts

GC: n CT: Glauber’s salt, common name for sodium sulfate decahydrate, Na2SO4·10H2O; it occurs as white or colorless monoclinic crystals. Upon exposure to fairly dry air it effloresces, forming powdery anhydrous sodium sulfate. Johann Glauber was the first to produce the salt (from Hungarian spring waters). The naturally occurring salt

GC: n CT: The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based system that can be used to locate positions anywhere on the earth. Operated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), NAVSTAR (NAVigation Satellite Timing and Ranging) GPS provides continuous (24 hours/day), real-time, 3-dimensional positioning, navigation and timing worldwide. Any

GC: n CT: Landmark analysis released by Greenpeace USA, European Renewable Energy Council (EREC) and other climate and energy advocates shows that the United States can indeed address global warming without relying on nuclear power or so-called “clean coal” — as some in the ongoing energy debate claim. The new