GC: n
CT: Energy flow.
As we have seen, generating and utilising energy means converting energy from one form into another. Often, intermediate steps are Implied. The energy flows through a number of forms, as well as conversion steps, between the source and the end-use. The costs increase accordingly. We distinguish between primary, secondary, final and useful energy.
An example is an energy flow which is related to charcoal. Here, the primary energy form is wood. The wood is converted into charcoal in a charcoal kiln. Charcoal is the secondary form of energy, and it is transported to the consumer. What the consumer buys at the market place is charcoal, and this is called final energy. The consumer eventually converts the charcoal into heat for cooking. The heat is the useful energy.
Another example of an energy flow is: primary energy in the form of a hydro resource, secondary energy in the form of electricity at the hydro power station, final energy in the form of electricity at a saw mill, and useful energy in the form of shaft power for sawing.
S: http://www.fao.org/docrep/u2246e/u2246e02.htm (last access: 11 February 2015)
N: 1. final (adj): early 14c., from Old French final “final, last,” and directly from Late Latin finalis “of or pertaining to an end, concluding, final,” from finis “end” (see finish (v.)). As a noun, late 14c., “that which comes last;” meaning “final contest” in a sporting sense is from 1880. As a shortening of final examination, from 1880.
energy (n): 1590s, “force of expression,” from Middle French énergie (16c.), from Late Latin energia, from Greek energeia “activity, action, operation,” from energos “active, working,” from en “at” + ergon “work, that which is wrought; business; action”.
Used by Aristotle with a sense of “actuality, reality, existence” (opposed to “potential”) but this was misunderstood in Late Latin and afterward as “force of expression,” as the power which calls up realistic mental pictures. Broader meaning of “power” in English is first recorded 1660s. Scientific use is from 1807. Energy crisis first attested 1970.
2. Energy supplied that is available to the consumer to be converted into useful energy (e.g. electricity at the wall outlet).
3. Final energy designates the energy as the consumer in the different sectors receives it, be it in the primary or secondary form. The energy balances are structured in such a way that the energy is discriminated as:
Primary ® Loses in Transformation + Final;
where the final energy includes the share of primary energy for direct use and the secondary energy.
S: 1. OED – http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=final+energy&searchmode=none (last access: 11 February 2015). 2. GDT. 3. http://ecen.com/eee18/enerq_e.htm (last access: 11 February 2015).
SYN:
S:
CR: final energy consumption, primary energy, primary energy consumption.