GC: n
CT: ESPRE is a knowledge-based system which aids in the review of requests for platelet transfusions in the hospital blood bank. It is a microcomputer-based decision support system written in LISP and utilizes a hybrid frame and rule architecture. By automatically obtaining most of the required patient data directly from the hospital’s main laboratory computers via a direct link, very little keyboard entry is required. Assessment of time trends computed from the data constitutes an important aspect of this system. To aid the blood bank personnel in deciding on the appropriateness of the requested transfusion, the system provides an explanatory report which includes a list of patient-specific data, a list of the conditions for which a transfusion would be appropriate for the particular patient (given the clinical condition), and the conclusions drawn by the system. In an early clinical evaluation of ESPRE, out of a random sample of 75 platelet transfusion requests, there were only three disagreements between ESPRE and blood bank personnel.
S: NCBI – http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2656504 (last access: 12 December 2014)
N: 1. knowledge (n): early 12c., cnawlece “acknowledgment of a superior, honor, worship;” for first element see know. Second element obscure, perhaps from Scandinavian and cognate with the -lock “action, process,” found in wedlock. Meaning “capacity for knowing, understanding; familiarity; fact of knowing” is late 14c.
based (adj): From base (v.) “to place on a foundation,” 1841, from base (n.). Related: Based; basing.
system (n): 1610s, “the whole creation, the universe,” from Late Latin systema “an arrangement, system,” from Greek systema “organized whole, a whole compounded of parts,” from stem of synistanai “to place together, organize, form in order,” from syn– “together” + root of histanai “cause to stand” from PIE root sta– “to stand”. Computer sense of “group of related programs” is recorded from 1963. All systems go (1962) is from U.S. space program. The system “prevailing social order” is from 1806.
2. A knowledge-based system (KBS) is a system that uses artificial intelligence techniques in problem-solving processes to support human decision-making, learning and action.
S: 1. OED – http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=knowledge&searchmode=none; http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=base&searchmode=none; http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=system&searchmode=none (last access: 12 December 2014).
2. JBL – http://www.jblearning.com/catalog/9780763776473 (last access: 12 December 2014).
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