GC: n

CT: The olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a stable emulsion composed by water, olive pulp and residual oil. An approach for using this waste as a renewable resource is of greater interest. Several authors have been studding physicochemical treatment methods.
However, the biological treatments allow not only the treatment, but also the effluent valorization, by producing several valuable
products. This effluent is also a source of natural antioxidants and its extraction is economically attractive. The ideal OMW
valorization process could be achieved by the combination of methods, for instance the use of physical-chemical methods as pretreatment can highly reduce the pollutants concentrations and allows better production efficiency by microorganisms.

S: https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/16832/1/2830.pdf (last access: 9 December 2016)

N:1. – olive (n): First appearance in c. 1200, “olive tree,” from Old French olive “olive, olive tree” (13c.) or directly from Latin oliva “olive, olive tree,” from Greek elaia “olive tree, olive,” probably from the same Aegean language (perhaps Cretan) as Armenian ewi “oil.”
– mill (n); “building fitted to grind grain,” Old English mylen “a mill” (10c.), an early Germanic borrowing from Late Latin molina, molinum “mill” (source of French moulin, Spanish molino), originally fem. and neuter of molinus “pertaining to a mill,” from Latin mola “mill, millstone,” related to molere “to grind,” from PIE *mel- “soft,” with derivatives referring to ground material and tools for grinding (source also of Greek myle “mill”).
wastewater (n): Also waste-water, mid-15c., from waste (adj.) + water; Old English wæter, from Proto-Germanic *watar (source also of Old Saxon watar, Old Frisian wetir, Dutch water, Old High German wazzar, German Wasser, Old Norse vatn, Gothic wato “water”).
2. Olive mill wastewater (OMW) arises from the production of olive oil in olive mills. It is produced seasonally by a large number of small olive mills scattered throughout the olive oil-producing countries. OMW has a very high organic load, recalcitrant in nature and with a high amount of toxicity/phytotoxicity-associated compounds. Several physicochemical, biological and combined processes have been examined for the treatment of OMW, resulting in considerable organic load and toxicity abatement. Biological processes, aerobic and anaerobic, including anaerobic co-digestion with other effluents and composting, are predominant in the treatment of OMW. Advanced oxidation processes have attracted much attention owing to the strong oxidation potential of the agents used, which can result in a high degree of treatment. Recent research studies employing physical, chemical, biological and combined technologies are reviewed in the current work.
3. As far as olive mill wastewater (OMWW) treatment and disposal is concerned, the situation is much more complicated in practice. Attempts to alleviate the problem, especially in the major olive oil-producing countries, are more than 50 years old; yet, there has been little success in finding an environmentally friendly and economically viable solution to be generally adopted.

S: 1. OED http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=olive; http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=wastewater (last access: 9 December 2016); http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=mill&allowed_in_frame=0(last access: 9 December 2016). 2. OLW – http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jctb.1553/pdf (last access: 9 December 2016). 3. OMWT – http://fabe.gr/images/stories/KEFALAIA/1.pdf (last access: 9 December 2016).

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CR: biomass, biomass energy, biomass fuel, residues, vegetable water, waste.